Ngakho-ke, nakhu usesibhedlela, ubhekene nokucindezeleka kwesimo esiphuthumayo esilethwe kuwe. Udokotela ubonakala ebambe umlomo kodwa uyalele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezimbalwa, njenge-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase wenze i-mammogram ehlelelwe isonto elizayo futhi manje ukhumbula i-X-reyi yamazinyo obusanda kuba nayo. Noma, ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase asikisele i-PET scan ngenxa yento ethile engavamile eyavela.
Uma uke wazithola kwenye yalezi zimo, mhlawumbe uke wazibuza: Kungenzeka yini ukuchayeka emisebeni eminingi kakhulu? Ingabe kungaholela emdlavuzeni? Futhi ingabe kuyadingeka ukuphakamisa ukukhathazeka, ikakhulukazi uma ungakhulelwe?
IMALINI IMISEKO EHLANGANISIWE?
"Amazinga emisebe angahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuhlolwa," kuchaza UProfesa Ohlangene uLionel Cheng, umeluleki omkhulu kanye nenhloko ye-Diagnostic Radiology eSingapore General Hospital.
Inani lemisebe lincike ngempela ekuhlolweni kwezithombe ezithile ezisetshenziswayo. Isibonelo, umthamo wemisebe ovela ku-X-ray evamile, ukuminyana kwethambo, noma i-mammogram uphansi kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nowe-CT scan noma i-PET scan, ngokusho kuka-Assoc Prof Cheng.
I-X-ray evamile yamazinyo, isifuba, noma izitho zakho ihilela ingozi ephansi kakhulu yokukhishwa kwemisebe—cishe eyodwa kweziyi-1 000 000, ecishe ilingane nemisebe ongayithola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezivela emithonjeni yemvelo. Yebo, sonke sihlala sichayeka emisebeni yemvelo engemuva esuka phansi, emoyeni, ezintweni zokwakha, ngisho nemisebe ye-cosmic evela emkhathini.
Ngisho namazinga aphakeme emisebe avela ku-CT noma ku-PET scan afika nengozi encane yomdlavuza, enobubanzi obungu-1 kwabayi-10,000 kuya kowodwa kwabayi-1,000. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa neminyaka embalwa yokuchayeka emisebeni yemvelo. Ngokusho kwe-Parkway Radiology, ezinye izici, njengendawo ethile eboniswayo (njengengalo nje ngokumelene nomzimba wakho wonke) kanye nokuthi ukuthatha isithombe kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani, nakho kuthinta isamba sokuchayeka emisebeni.
INGABE UKHONA UMKHAWULO ENOMBOLWENI LOKUTHOLA ONGABA NALO EMNYAKA?
Ngokuka-Assoc Prof Cheng, alikho inani eliphakeme elibekiwe lamaskena umuntu angaba nawo ngonyaka. "Ezinye iziguli ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma eziphuthumayo zingase zenze izifundo ze-imaging ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esifushane, kanti ezinye zingadinga eyodwa noma ezimbili kuphela phakathi neminyaka."
Kunokuba agxile enambeni ethile, wagcizelela ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli zazise odokotela bazo uma zike zahlolwa kamuva. "Uma ukuskena kwenziwa e-polyclinic noma esibhedlela sikahulumeni, udokotela angakwazi ukufinyelela lawo marekhodi ngohlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lukahulumeni, ukuvimbela ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe nokuhlela ukuskena kokulandela lapho kudingeka," kusho u-Assoc Prof Cheng.
Kodwa-ke, ukuskena okwenziwe emitholampilo yangasese noma phesheya kungenzeka kungatholakali kumanothi omtholampilo kadokotela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, wagcizelela ukubaluleka kweziguli ukunikeza lolu lwazi. "Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi acabangele imiphumela yangaphambilini yezithombe lapho enquma ngokuqhubekayo ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezokwelapha," echaza.
KUNGANI ODOKOTELA NGESINYE isikhathi BA-ODA IZINHLOBO EZININGI ZOKUHLOLWA KWEZIFANEKISO?
Kunezimo lapho ukuskena okukodwa kunganikezi ulwazi olwanele lokuxilongwa okunembile, kuchaza u-Betty Matthew, uthishanhloko omkhulu we-radiographer kwa-SATA CommHealth.
“Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthwebula izithombe ndawonye kuvumela ukuhlolwa okuphelele okwengeziwe, kuqinisekiswe ukuxilonga okunembayo, izinhlelo zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, nokuqapha okuphelele kwesimo sesiguli.”
Isibonelo, i-X-ray ingakwazi ukubona ukuphuka kwamathambo engozini, kodwa ngeke iveze ukopha kwangaphakathi noma ukulimala kwesitho-izindaba ezingatholwa yi-CT noma i-MRI scan. UMathewu unikeza izibonelo ezengeziwe zezimo lapho kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okuningi kwezithombe:
Ukuqinisekisa Ukuxilongwa: Ezimeni ezinjengomdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-X-ray yesifuba ingase iveze inqwaba, kodwa i-CT noma i-MRI scan inganikeza umbono ocacile futhi onemininingwane eyengeziwe. Ezigulini ezishaywa unhlangothi, i-CT scan ingakwazi ukubona ukopha ebuchosheni, kuyilapho i-MRI scan ingahlola izinga lokulimala kobuchopho.
Ukuqapha Ukuqhubeka Kwezifo: Izindlela zokucabanga ezifana ne-PET, CT, ne-MRI zisetshenziselwa ukulandelela ukukhula kwesimila noma ukusabalala komdlavuza. Ezimweni ezingapheli njenge-multiple sclerosis, ukuskena okuphindaphindiwe kwe-MRI kuyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe izilonda ezintsha.
Ukuthola Ukutheleleka noma Ukuvuvukala: Ama-Ultrasound, ama-CT scan, noma ama-PET scan angasiza ekuboneni umthombo wesifo noma ukuvuvukala.
Ziqhathaniseka Kanjani Izikena Ezihlukene?
Kungani i-CT scan ingase i-odwe nge-X-ray? Ingabe izinga lemisebe liphakeme ku-mammogram uma liqhathaniswa ne-X-ray evamile? Ake sihlole umehluko phakathi kwezinye izivivinyo zezithombe ezivame kakhulu.
1. I-Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
Yini Okuyikho:
Ama-CT scan ngokuvamile ahlotshaniswa nomshini omkhulu, ofana nendandatho okhipha imisebe ye-X-ray eminingi. Le misebe isebenzisana ukuze yenze izithombe ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu zezitho zangaphakathi, njengoba kuchazwe uDkt. Lee.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
Ama-CT scan anikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi, ezenza zibe usizo olukhulu ekuboneni ngeso lengqondo cishe zonke izitho zangaphakathi. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, iziguli manje zingahlolwa umzimba ogcwele ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-20, ngokuvamile ngokubamba umoya kanye nje.
Ubani engamfanele:
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-CT scan adinga inani elikhulu lemisebe, ngokuvamile ayagwenywa ezinganeni, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, nakubantu abadala abasebasha ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Ukwengeza, abantu abane-asthma, i-allergies, noma izinkinga zezinso bangase bangafaneleki lolu hlobo lokuskena, njengoba kudingeka udayi ohlukile, ongabangela ukusabela. Nokho, ama-steroid angasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yalezi ziguli, futhi enye indlela yokucabanga ingase inconywe uma kunesidingo.
2. I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Yini Okuyikho:
Ngokungafani nama-CT scan, ama-MRIs ahlanganisa isithwebuli esikhulu, esiyicylindrical lapho iziguli zichitha khona isikhathi esengeziwe. I-MRI isebenza ngokukhiqiza amagagasi kazibuthe kagesi akhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi, enezinhlangothi ezintathu zezitho zangaphakathi, futhi iziqhayisa ngokulungiswa okuphezulu kakhulu kwawo wonke amasu okucabanga.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
I-MRI ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izimo ezithile ezinjengokuhlola ukucindezelwa kwezinzwa emgogodleni, ukuthola izimila ezincane ezithweni ezifana nesibindi, noma ukuhlola izakhiwo ezintekenteke ezifana nomgudu womchamo namapayipi enyongo.
Ubani engamfanele:
Izikena ze-MRI azilungile ezigulini ezihlushwa i-claustrophobia noma ezingakwazi ukuhlala zithule isikhathi eside, njengoba inqubo ingathatha noma yikuphi ukusuka emaminithini angu-15 ukuya kumaminithi angu-30, kuye ngokuthi indawo eskeniwe. Ukwengeza, iziguli ezinokufakwa kwensimbi (isb., ama-stents enhliziyo, iziqeshana, noma izinto zensimbi zangaphandle) zingase zingafaneleki ama-MRIs ngenxa yenkambu kazibuthe enamandla esetshenziswa phakathi nenqubo.
Izinzuzo:
I-MRI ayibandakanyi imisebe, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle ezigulini ezisencane nakulezo ezikhulelwe. Ama-ejenti amasha wokuqhathanisa we-MRI aphephe kakhulu, ngisho nakubantu abanezinkinga zezinso.
3. I-X-Ray
Yini Okuyikho:
Ama-X-ray asebenzisa imisebe ye-electromagnetic enamandla amakhulu ukuze enze izithombe ezinemininingwane yezakhiwo zangaphakathi zomzimba. Naphezu kokubandakanya imisebe ye-ionizing, ukuchayeka kuma-X ray kulawulwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
I-X-ray ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukuphuka, ukuhlukana kwamalunga, izifo zamaphaphu njengenyumoniya, nezimo ezithile zesisu.
Ubani engamfanele:
Nakuba ama-X-ray ngokuvamile ephephile kubo bonke ubudala, abesifazane abakhulelwe bayelulekwa ukuba bangawatholi ngoba imisebe ingase ibe nomthelela ekukhuleni kwengane. Kodwa-ke, ama-X-ray ahlelwa kuphela lapho izinzuzo ezingaba khona zesithombe zidlula izingozi.
Kafushane, inqubo ngayinye yokuthwebula inezici zayo ezihlukile, izinzuzo, kanye nemikhawulo. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuskena nobungozi bazo kungasiza iziguli zenze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi zithola ukunakekelwa okufanele kakhulu.
4. I-Ultrasound
Uhlolojikelele:
I-Ultrasound ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuqapha izingane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Njengoba uMatthew echaza, “Kuyindlela ephephile yokuthwebula izithombe engahlanganisi imisebe.”
Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa imisebe, i-ultrasound incike kumaza omsindo wemvamisa ephezulu ukuze ikhiqize izithombe zesikhathi sangempela zezitho zangaphakathi zomzimba nemithambo yegazi. Ukuze uthwebule lezi zithombe, ijeli isetshenziswa esikhumbeni, futhi idivayisi encane ihanjiswa phezu kwendawo enesithakazelo, njengesisu noma iqolo.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
I-Ultrasound ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-obstetrics kanye ne-gynecology ukulandelela ukukhula kwe-fetus. Kuwusizo futhi ekuhloleni uhla lwezimo zezokwelapha. "Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhloleni izicubu ezithambile, ukuqapha ukukhulelwa, ukuhlola izitho zesisu, ukuhlonza amatshe enyongo, nokuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi," kuphawula uMatthew. Ukwengeza, i-ultrasound isetshenziselwa izinqubo eziqondisiwe njenge-biopsies.
Ubani Okufanele Akugweme:
Nokho, i-ultrasound inemikhawulo. Ayikwazi ukungena ethanjeni, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukubona ngeso lengqondo izindawo ezithile. Iphinde ibe nzima nomoya, okusho ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle ekuhloleni izitho ezifana nesisu noma amathumbu. Izicubu ezijulile, njengamanyikwe noma i-aorta, kungase kube nzima ukuzihlola, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezikhuluphele ngenxa yokuba buthaka kwamaza omsindo njengoba zihamba phakathi kwezicubu zomzimba.
5. I-Mammogram
Uhlolojikelele:
I-mammogram i-X-reyi ekhethekile yamabele eklanyelwe ukubona izinto ezingavamile, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba kuvele noma yiziphi izimpawu. “Kudlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yokwelashwa ngokuhlonza izinkinga kusenesikhathi,” kusho uMatthew.
Ukuskena kwangempela kuyashesha, ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukubeka ibele ukuze uthole isithombe esihle kungase kuthathe amaminithi angu-5 kuye kwangu-10, kuye ngokuthi zingaki izithombe ezidingekayo. "Njengoba ukucindezela kuyadingeka ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile, iziguli zingase zithole ukungakhululeki," kusho uDkt Lee.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
Ama-mammograms awasetshenziselwa ukuhlola okuvamile kuphela kodwa futhi asetshenziselwa ukuphenya izimpawu ezifana nezigaxa noma ubuhlungu bebele ukuze kutholwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona.
Ubani Okufanele Akugweme:
Ngenxa yokukhishwa kwemisebe ehilelekile, ama-mammogram ngokuvamile awanconywa kwabesifazane abasebasha baze bafinyelele iminyaka enconyiwe yokuhlolwa okuvamile, njengoba uDkt. Lee echaza.
6. I-Bone Density Scan
Uhlolojikelele:
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo, njengoba uDkt. Lee echaza, “kuyi-X ray ethile esetshenziselwa ukuhlola amandla amathambo.” Ngokuvamile igxila okhalweni noma esihlakaleni, futhi inqubo yokuskena ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
Lokhu kuhlola kuvamise ukwenziwa ezigulini esezikhulile ezisengozini yokukhumuzeka kwamathambo. Nokho, kungase kudingeke futhi ezigulini ezisencane emithini ethinta ukuminyana kwamathambo, kusho uDkt. Lee.
Ubani Okufanele Akugweme:
Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bakugweme lokhu kuskena ngenxa yemisebe ehilelekile. Ukwengeza, abantu abanokuhlinzwa okukhulu komgogodla kwakamuva noma ukungahambi kahle komgogodla, njenge-scoliosis, bangase bangabi abantu abafanelekile, njengoba imiphumela ingase ingalungile.
7. I-Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
Uhlolojikelele:
I-PET scan iyindlela ethuthukisiwe yokuthwebula ehlinzeka ngeskena somzimba ogcwele. “Kuhilela ukujova udayi okhethekile okhipha imisebe, futhi njengoba udayi udonswa izitho ezihlukahlukene, utholwa yisithwebuli,” kuchaza uDkt. Lee.
Le nqubo ithatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngoba udayi udinga isikhathi ukuze ufakwe ezithweni ngaphambi kokuba kuthwetshulwe.
Lapho Isetshenziswa:
Ama-PET scan asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuthola umdlavuza nokuhlola ukusabalala kwawo. Nokho, bangasiza futhi ekuboneni imithombo yokutheleleka.
Ubani Okufanele Akugweme:
Ngenxa yemisebe ehilelekile, ama-PET scan ngokuvamile awanconyelwe izingane noma abantu abakhulelwe, uDkt. Lee weluleka.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-23-2025
