Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezokwelapha “kuyiso elibukhali” lokuqonda umzimba womuntu. Kodwa uma kuziwa kuma-X ray, i-CT, i-MRI, i-ultrasound, nemithi yenuzi, abantu abaningi bayoba nemibuzo: Ingabe kuyoba khona imisebe phakathi nokuhlolwa? Ingabe izobangela noma yimuphi umonakalo emzimbeni? Abesifazane abakhulelwe, ikakhulukazi, bahlale bekhathazekile ngomthelela wemisebe ezinganeni zabo. Namuhla sizochaza ngokugcwele izindaba zokukhishwa kwemisebe ezitholwa abesifazane abakhulelwe emnyangweni we-radiology.
Umbuzo Wesiguli Ngaphambi kokuchayeka
1.Ingabe likhona izinga eliphephile lokuchayeka emisebeni esigulini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Imikhawulo yethamo ayisebenzi ekuchayekeni emisebeni yesiguli, njengoba isinqumo sokusebenzisa imisebe sincike esigulini ngasinye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithamo efanelekile kufanele isetshenziselwe ukufeza izinjongo zomtholampilo lapho itholakala. Imikhawulo yomthamo inqunyelwe abasebenzi, hhayi iziguli. .
- Uyini umthetho wezinsuku eziyi-10? Siyini isimo sayo?
Ezikhungweni ze-radiology, kufanele kube nezinqubo zokunquma isimo sokukhulelwa seziguli zesifazane ezineminyaka yobudala ngaphambi kwanoma iyiphi inqubo ye-radiological engase ibangele ukuthi umbungu noma umbungu uchayeke kumthamo omkhulu wemisebe. Indlela yokwenza ayifani kuwo wonke amazwe nezikhungo. Enye indlela esetshenziswayo “umthetho wezinsuku eziyishumi,” othi “noma nini lapho kungenzeka, ukuhlolwa nge-radiological kwengezansi kwesisu ne-pelvis kufanele kulinganiselwe esikhathini esiyizinsuku eziyi-10 ngemva kokuqala kokuya esikhathini.”
Isincomo sokuqala kwakuyizinsuku ezingu-14, kodwa uma kubhekwa ukuhluka komjikelezo womuntu wokuya esikhathini, lesi sikhathi sehlisiwe saba yizinsuku ezingu-10. Ezimweni eziningi, ubufakazi obukhulayo bubonisa ukuthi ukunamathela ngokuqinile “kumthetho wezinsuku eziyishumi” kungase kudale imingcele engadingekile.
Lapho inani lamangqamuzana ekukhulelweni lincane futhi izakhiwo zabo zingakacaciswanga, imiphumela yokulimala kulawa mangqamuzana ingase ibonakale njengokuhluleka kokufakelwa noma ukufa okungabonakali kokukhulelwa; Ukukhubazeka akunakwenzeka noma kuyivelakancane kakhulu. Njengoba i-organogenesis iqala emasontweni ama-3 kuya kwangu-5 ngemva kokukhulelwa, ukuchayeka emisebeni ekukhulelweni kusencane akucatshangwa ukuthi kubangela ukukhubazeka. Ngokunjalo, kuphakanyiswe ukuthi kuqedwe lo mthetho wezinsuku eziyi-10 bese esikhundleni sawo kufakwe umthetho wezinsuku ezingama-28. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma kunengqondo, ukuhlolwa kwe-radiological kungenziwa kuwo wonke umjikelezo kuze kugeje umjikelezo owodwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugxila kushintshela ekubambezelekeni kokuya esikhathini kanye nethuba lokukhulelwa.
Uma ukuya esikhathini kubambezelekile, owesifazane kufanele abhekwe njengokhulelwe ngaphandle uma kuboniswe ngenye indlela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokuthola ulwazi oludingekayo ngokuhlolwa okungezona eze-radiological.
- Ingabe ukukhulelwa kufanele kunqanyulwe ngemva kokuchayeka emisebeni?
Ngokuya kwe-ICRP 84, ukunqanyulwa kokukhulelwa ngemithamo yengane engaphansi kuka-100 mGy akulungile ngesisekelo sengcuphe yemisebe. Uma umthamo wengane uphakathi kuka-100 no-500 mGy, isinqumo kufanele senziwe umuntu ngamunye.
Imibuzo niniKuyaqhutshwaMedicalEama-xaminations
1. Kuthiwani uma isiguli sithola i-CT yesisu kodwa singazi ukuthi sikhulelwe?
Umthamo wemitha ye-fetus/yokucabanga kufanele ulinganiswe, kodwa kuphela uchwepheshe wezokwelapha/uchwepheshe wokuphepha emisebeni onolwazi ku-dosimetry enjalo. Khona-ke iziguli zingase zelulekwe kangcono ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona ezihilelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ingozi incane ngoba ukuchayeka kuzonikezwa emasontweni amathathu okuqala ngemva kokukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezimbalwa, umbungu usukhulile futhi imithamo ehilelekile ingaba mikhulu kakhulu. Nokho, kuyivelakancane kakhulu ukuthi imithamo iphakame ngokwanele ukuncoma ukuthi isiguli sicabange ukunqamula ukukhulelwa.
Uma umthamo wemisebe udinga ukubalwa ukuze kweluleke isiguli, kufanele kuqashelwe izici ze-radiographic (uma zaziwa). Okunye ukucatshangelwa kungenziwa ku-dosimetry, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa idatha yangempela. Idethi yokukhulelwa noma isikhathi sokugcina sokuya esikhathini nayo kufanele inqunywe.
2.Iphephe kangakanani i-radiology yesifuba nesitho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Uma idivayisi isebenza kahle, izifundo zokuxilonga ezikhonjiswe ngokwezempilo (ezifana ne-radiography yesifuba noma izitho zomzimba) zingenziwa ngokuphepha kude ne-fetus nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, ingozi yokungahlolisi isifo inkulu kunengozi yemisebe ehilelekile.
Uma ukuhlola kuvame ukwenziwa ekupheleni okuphezulu kwebanga lethamo lokuxilonga futhi umbungu utholakala eduze noma eduze kwe-radiation noma umthombo, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuncishiswe umthamo ku-fetus ngenkathi kusaxilonga. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokulungisa ukuhlolwa nokuhlola i-radiography ngayinye ethathwe kuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa, bese kunqanyulwa inqubo.
Imithelela yokuchayeka kwemisebe ye-intrauterine
Umsebe ovela ezivivinyweni zokuxilonga nge-radiological cishe ngeke ubangele noma yimiphi imiphumela eyingozi ezinganeni, kodwa amathuba okuba nemiphumela ebangelwa yimisebe angeke akhishwe ngokuphelele. Umthelela wokuchayeka emisebeni ekukhulelweni uncike esikhathini sokuchayeka kanye nenani lomthamo omunyiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nosuku lokukhulelwa. Incazelo elandelayo ihloselwe ochwepheshe besayensi futhi imiphumela echazwe ingabonakala kuphela ezimeni ezishiwo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi le miphumela ivela kumithamo okuhlangatshezwane nayo ekuhlolweni okuvamile, njengoba mincane kakhulu.
Imibuzo niniKuyaqhutshwaMedicalEama-xaminations
1. Kuthiwani uma isiguli sithola i-CT yesisu kodwa singazi ukuthi sikhulelwe?
Umthamo wemitha ye-fetus/yokucabanga kufanele ulinganiswe, kodwa kuphela uchwepheshe wezokwelapha/uchwepheshe wokuphepha emisebeni onolwazi ku-dosimetry enjalo. Khona-ke iziguli zingase zelulekwe kangcono ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona ezihilelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ingozi incane ngoba ukuchayeka kuzonikezwa emasontweni amathathu okuqala ngemva kokukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezimbalwa, umbungu usukhulile futhi imithamo ehilelekile ingaba mikhulu kakhulu. Nokho, kuyivelakancane kakhulu ukuthi imithamo iphakame ngokwanele ukuncoma ukuthi isiguli sicabange ukunqamula ukukhulelwa.
Uma umthamo wemisebe udinga ukubalwa ukuze kweluleke isiguli, kufanele kuqashelwe izici ze-radiographic (uma zaziwa). Okunye ukucatshangelwa kungenziwa ku-dosimetry, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa idatha yangempela. Idethi yokukhulelwa noma isikhathi sokugcina sokuya esikhathini nayo kufanele inqunywe.
2.Iphephe kangakanani i-radiology yesifuba nesitho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Uma idivayisi isebenza kahle, izifundo zokuxilonga ezikhonjiswe ngokwezempilo (ezifana ne-radiography yesifuba noma izitho zomzimba) zingenziwa ngokuphepha kude ne-fetus nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, ingozi yokungahlolisi isifo inkulu kunengozi yemisebe ehilelekile.
Uma ukuhlola kuvame ukwenziwa ekupheleni okuphezulu kwebanga lethamo lokuxilonga futhi umbungu utholakala eduze noma eduze kwe-radiation noma umthombo, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuncishiswe umthamo ku-fetus ngenkathi kusaxilonga. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokulungisa ukuhlolwa nokuhlola i-radiography ngayinye ethathwe kuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa, bese kunqanyulwa inqubo.
Imithelela yokuchayeka kwemisebe ye-intrauterine
Umsebe ovela ezivivinyweni zokuxilonga nge-radiological cishe ngeke ubangele noma yimiphi imiphumela eyingozi ezinganeni, kodwa amathuba okuba nemiphumela ebangelwa yimisebe angeke akhishwe ngokuphelele. Umthelela wokuchayeka emisebeni ekukhulelweni uncike esikhathini sokuchayeka kanye nenani lomthamo omunyiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nosuku lokukhulelwa. Incazelo elandelayo ihloselwe ochwepheshe besayensi futhi imiphumela echazwe ingabonakala kuphela ezimeni ezishiwo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi le miphumela ivela kumithamo okuhlangatshezwane nayo ekuhlolweni okuvamile, njengoba mincane kakhulu.
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Mayelana ne-LnkMed
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-29-2024
