Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ama-X-ray, i-ultrasound,I-MRI, imithi yenuzi kanye ne-X-ray, kuyizindlela ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukuxilonga futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuboneni izifo ezingamahlalakhona nasekulweni nokusabalala kwezifo. Yiqiniso, okufanayo kuyasebenza nakwabesifazane abanokukhulelwa okuqinisekisiwe noma okungaqinisekisiwe..Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zindlela zokuthwebula izithombe zisetshenziswa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo, abantu abaningi bazokhathazeka ngenkinga, ingabe izothinta impilo yombungu noma yomntwana? Ingabe lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe kwabesifazane abanjalo ngokwabo?
Kuncike kakhulu esimweni. Odokotela bemisebe kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo bayazi ngezingozi zokuthola izithombe zezokwelapha kanye nokuchayeka emisebeni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, i-X-ray yesifuba iveza ingane engakazalwa emisebeni ehlakazekile, kuyilapho i-X-ray yesisu iveza owesifazane okhulelwe emisebeni yokuqala. Nakuba ukuchayeka emisebeni kulezi zindlela zokuthola izithombe zezokwelapha kungaba kuncane, ukuchayeka okuqhubekayo kungaba nemiphumela emibi kumama kanye nengane esanda kuzalwa. Umthamo omkhulu wemisebe abesifazane abakhulelwe abangachayeka kuwo ungama-100.msV.
Kodwa futhi, lezi zithombe zezokwelapha zingaba usizo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, zisize odokotela ukuthi banikeze ukuxilonga okunembile futhi banikeze imithi efaneleke kakhulu. Phela, kubalulekile empilweni yabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane zabo ezingakazalwa.
Yiziphi izingozi kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha zezindlela ezahlukene zokuthatha izithombe zezokwelapha?Ake sihlole lokho.
Izilinganiso
1.CT
CT kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe ye-ionizing futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhulelweni, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CT scan kukhuphuka ngo-25% kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2020, ngokusho kwezibalo ezifanele ezigunyaziwe. Ngenxa yokuthi i-CT ihlotshaniswa nokuchayeka okukhulu kwemisebe yengane ekhulelwe, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izinketho lapho ucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwe-CT ezigulini ezikhulelwe. Ukuvikela i-lead kuyindlela yokuqapha edingekayo ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yemisebe ye-CT.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokwelashwa ngaphandle kwe-CT?
I-MRI ibhekwa njengenye indlela engcono kakhulu kune-CT. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi imithamo yemisebe engaphansi kwe-100 mGy ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ihlotshaniswa nokwanda kwezehlakalo zokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukuzalwa kwezingane zishonile, ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukukhula, noma ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
2. I-MRI
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CT, inzuzo enkulu kakhuluI-MRIukuthi ingaskena izicubu ezijulile nezithambile emzimbeni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imisebe ye-ionizing, ngakho-ke azikho izinyathelo zokuphepha noma ukuphikisana kweziguli ezikhulelwe.
Noma nini lapho kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthwebula izithombe, i-MRI kufanele icatshangelwe futhi ikhethwe ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lokungabonakali. Nakuba ezinye izifundo zibonise imiphumela yemfundiso yengane lapho kusetshenziswa i-MRI, njengokuqina kwe-teratogenicity, ukushisa kwezicubu, kanye nomonakalo we-acoustic, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-MRI ingaba yingozi engane. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CT, i-MRI ingakwazi ukubona izicubu ezithambile ezijulile ngokunembile nangokufanele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-ejenti okuhlukanisa.
Kodwa-ke, ama-ejenti asekelwe ku-gadolinium, enye yama-ejenti amabili ayinhloko okungafani asetshenziswa ku-MRI, afakazelwe ukuthi ayingozi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngezinye izikhathi babhekana nokusabela okukhulu ezindabeni zokungafani, njengokwehla kwejubane okuphindaphindiwe, i-bradycardia yengane ekhulayo isikhathi eside, kanye nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
3. I-Ultrasonography
I-Ultrasound ayikhiqizi imisebe ye-ionizing. Akukaze kube nemibiko yezokwelapha yemiphumela emibi yezinqubo ze-ultrasound ezigulini ezikhulelwe kanye nezingane zazo ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kuhlanganisani kwabesifazane abakhulelwe? Okokuqala, kungaqinisekisa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe ukhulelwe ngempela; Hlola iminyaka nokukhula kwengane bese ubala usuku lokuzalwa, bese uhlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane, ithoni yemisipha, ukunyakaza, kanye nentuthuko iyonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hlola ukuthi umama ukhulelwe yini amawele, amawele amathathu noma ngaphezulu, hlola ukuthi ingane isesikhundleni sokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha, bese uhlola ukuthi ama-ovari kanye nesibeletho sikamama kujwayelekile yini.
Ekuphetheni, uma imishini nemishini ye-ultrasound ihlelwe kahle, izinqubo ze-ultrasound azibeki izingozi empilweni yabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa.
4. Imisebe Yenuzi
Ukuthwebula izithombe ngemithi yenuzi kuhilela ukujova i-radiopharma esigulini, esakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba futhi ikhiphe imisebe endaweni ethile emzimbeni. Omama abaningi bayakhathazeka lapho bezwa igama elithi imisebe yenuzi, kodwa ukuvezwa kwemisebe yengane ngemithi yenuzi kuncike ezinguqukweni ezahlukene, njengokukhishwa komama, ukumuncwa kwemithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals enganezi, umthamo wemithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals, kanye nohlobo lwemisebe ekhishwa yimithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals, futhi akunakulinganiswa.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, izithombe zezokwelapha zinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezimo zempilo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wowesifazane ushintsha njalo futhi usengozini yokutheleleka nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuxilongwa kanye nemithi efanele yabesifazane abakhulelwe kubalulekile empilweni yabo kanye neyezingane zabo ezingakazalwa. Ukuze benze izinqumo ezingcono nezinolwazi oluthe xaxa, odokotela be-radiology kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abafanele kumele baqonde ngokugcwele izinzuzo nemiphumela emibi yamaphethini ahlukene ezithombe zezokwelapha kanye nokuchayeka kwemisebe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Noma nini lapho iziguli ezikhulelwe kanye nezingane zazo zivezwa emisebeni ngesikhathi sokuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha, odokotela be-radiology kanye nodokotela kufanele banikeze izimiso zokuziphatha ezicacile enkambisweni ngayinye. Izingozi ze-fetus ezihlobene nezithombe zezokwelapha zifaka phakathi ukukhula kancane kwe-fetus kanye nentuthuko, ukukhulelwa kwesisu, ukukhubazeka, ukusebenza kobuchopho okungasebenzi kahle, ukukhula okungavamile ezinganeni, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa. Inqubo yezithombe zezokwelapha ingase ingalimazi iziguli ezikhulelwe kanye nezingane. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka okuqhubekayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside emisebeni kanye nezithombe kungaba nemiphumela emibi ezigulini kanye nezingane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yezithombe zezokwelapha futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwe-fetus ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthwebula izithombe, bonke abantu kufanele baqonde izinga lengozi yemisebe ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhulelwa.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-27-2024
