Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa i-X-ray, i-ultrasound,I-MRI, imithi yenuzi kanye ne-X-ray, iyindlela ebalulekile yokusiza yokuhlola ukuxilonga futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuboneni izifo ezingapheli kanye nokulwa nokusabalala kwezifo. Yiqiniso, okufanayo kusebenza kwabesifazane abanokukhulelwa okuqinisekisiwe noma okungaqinisekisiwe.Kodwa-ke, lapho lezi zindlela zokuthwebula izithombe zisetshenziswa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa ibele, abantu abaningi bazokhathazeka ngenkinga, ingabe izothinta impilo yombungu noma yengane? Ingabe kungaholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe kwabesifazane abanjalo ngokwabo?
Impela kuncike esimweni. Izazi ze-radioologist kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo bayazi ngezithombe zezokwelapha kanye nezingozi zokuchayeka emisebeni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezinsana. Ngokwesibonelo, i-X-ray yesifuba ichaya usana olungakazalwa emisebeni ehlakazekile, kuyilapho i-X-ray yesisu ichaya owesifazane okhulelwe emisebeni yokuqala. Nakuba ukuchayeka emisebeni evela kulezi zindlela zokwelashwa kungase kube kuncane, ukuqhubeka ukuchayeka kungaba nemiphumela elimazayo kumama nombungu. Umthamo omkhulu wokukhishwa kwemisebe abesifazane abakhulelwe abangavezwa kuwo yi-100msV.
Kodwa futhi, lezi zithombe zezokwelapha zingaba yinzuzo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, zisize odokotela ukuba banikeze ukuxilonga okunembe kakhudlwana futhi banikeze izidakamizwa ezifanele kakhulu. Phela ibalulekile empilweni yabesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane zabo ezingakazalwa.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinyathelo zokuphepha zezindlela ezahlukene zokuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha?Ake sikuhlole lokho.
Izinyathelo
1.CT
CT kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe ye-ionizing futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhulelweni, nokusetshenziswa kwe-CT scans kukhuphuka ngo-25% kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2020, ngokusho kwezibalo ezifanele ezigunyaziwe. Ngenxa yokuthi i-CT ihlotshaniswa nokuchayeka emisebeni ye-fetus ephakeme, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izinketho lapho ucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwe-CT ezigulini ezikhulelwe. Ukuvikela umthofu kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo sokunciphisa ubungozi bemisebe ye-CT.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezingcono kakhulu ze-CT?
I-MRI ibhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu ye-CT. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi imithamo yemisebe engaphansi kuka-100 mGy ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ihlotshaniswa nokwanda kwezehlakalo zokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukubeletha, ukuphuphuma kwezisu, ukukhula, noma ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
2.MRI
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CT, inzuzo enkulu yeI-MRIukuthi ingakwazi ukuskena izicubu ezijulile nezithambile emzimbeni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imisebe ye-ionizing, ngakho azikho izinyathelo zokuphepha noma ukuphikisana ezigulini ezikhulelwe.
Noma nini lapho izindlela ezimbili zokucabanga zikhona, i-MRI kufanele icatshangelwe futhi ikhethwe ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lokungabonwa. Nakuba ezinye izifundo zibonise imiphumela yethiyori ye-fetus lapho kusetshenziswa i-MRI, efana ne-teratogenicity, ukushisisa kwezicubu, nokulimala kwe-acoustic, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-MRI ingaba yingozi ku-fetus. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CT, i-MRI ingakwazi ukuthwebula ngokunembe nangokwanele izicubu ezithambile ezijulile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinto zokuqhathanisa.
Kodwa-ke, ama-agent asekelwe ku-gadolinium, enye yezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuqhathanisa ezisetshenziswa ku-MRI, afakazelwe ukuthi ayingozi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngezinye izikhathi baba nokusabela okubucayi ekuqhathaniseni imithombo yezindaba, njengokuphindaphinda ukwehla kwejubane ngemva kwesikhathi, i-fetus bradycardia ethatha isikhathi eside, nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
3. I-Ultrasonography
I-Ultrasound nayo ayikhiqizi imisebe ye-ionizing. Akuzange kube nemibiko yomtholampilo yemiphumela emibi yezinqubo ze-ultrasound ezigulini ezikhulelwe kanye nengane yazo.
Ngabe ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kuhlanganisa kanjani abesifazane abakhulelwe? Okokuqala, kungaqinisekisa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe ukhulelwe ngempela; Hlola ubudala nokukhula kombungu bese ubale usuku olunqunyiwe, futhi uhlole ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane, ithoni yemisipha, ukunyakaza, nokukhula kukonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hlola ukuthi ingabe umama ukhulelwe amawele, amawele amathathu noma ngaphezulu, hlola ukuthi umbungu umi endaweni yokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha, futhi uhlole ukuthi ama-ovaries kanye nesibeletho sikamama kujwayelekile yini.
Ekuphetheni, lapho imishini ye-ultrasound kanye nemishini ihlelwa ngendlela efanele, izinqubo ze-ultrasound azibeki izingozi zezempilo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezinsana.
4. Imisebe Yenuzi
Ukuthwebula kwemithi ye-nuclear kuhilela ukujova i-radiopharma esigulini, esabalaliswa emzimbeni wonke futhi ikhiphe imisebe endaweni eqondiwe emzimbeni. Omama abaningi bayakhathazeka lapho bezwa igama elithi imisebe yenuzi, kodwa ukuchayeka emisebeni yengane ngomuthi wenuzi kuncike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, njengokuphuma kukamama, ukumuncwa kwemithi yokwelapha ngemisebe, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kombungu kwemithi yokwelapha ngemisebe, umthamo wamatracer anemisebe, kanye nohlobo lwemisebe. ikhishwa ama-tracer emisebe, futhi ayikwazi ukwenziwa jikelele.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, izithombe zezokwelapha zinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezimo zezempilo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wesifazane ushintsha njalo futhi usengozini yezifo ezihlukahlukene nezifo. Ukuxilongwa kanye nemithi efanele kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kubalulekile empilweni yabo neyezingane zabo ezingakazalwa. Ukuze kwenziwe izinqumo ezingcono, ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa, izazi ze-radioologists kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abafanelekile kufanele baqonde ngokugcwele izinzuzo nemiphumela engemihle yamaphethini ezithombe zezokwelapha ahlukene kanye nokuchayeka emisebeni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Noma nini lapho iziguli ezikhulelwe nezinsana zazo zichayeka emisebeni ngesikhathi sokuthwebula isithombe sezokwelapha, izazi ze-radiologist nodokotela kufanele banikeze izimiso zokuziphatha ezicacile kunqubo ngayinye. Izingozi zengane ehlobene nesithombe sezokwelapha zihlanganisa ukukhula nokukhula kancane kwengane, ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukonakala, ukungasebenzi kahle kobuchopho, ukukhula okungavamile kwezingane, nokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa. Inqubo yokuthwebula yezokwelapha ingase ingabangeli monakalo ezigulini ezikhulelwe kanye nasezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka okuqhubekayo nesikhathi eside emisebeni nasekuthwebuleni izithombe kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi ezigulini nasezinsaneni. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwengane ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxilonga, zonke izinhlangothi kufanele ziqonde izinga lobungozi bemisebe ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhulelwa.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-27-2024
