Injongo yalesi sihloko iwukuxoxa ngezinhlobo ezintathu zezinqubo zokuthwebula zezokwelapha ezivame ukudidaniswa umphakathi jikelele, i-X-ray, i-CT, ne-MRI.
Umthamo wemisebe ephansi–X-ray
I-X-ray yalithola kanjani igama layo?
Lokho kusibuyisela emuva eminyakeni eyi-127 kuya kuLwezi. Isazi sesayensi yemvelo saseJalimane uWilhelm Conrad Roentgen wathola into engaziwa elabhorethri yakhe ethobekile, wabe esechitha amasonto amaningi elabhorethri, waqinisekisa ngempumelelo umkakhe ukuba enze njengesifundo sokuhlola, futhi wabhala i-X-ray yokuqala emlandweni wesintu, ngoba ukukhanya egcwele imfihlakalo engaziwa, u-Roentgen wayiqamba ngokuthi i-X-ray. Lokhu kutholwa okukhulu kwabeka isisekelo sokuxilongwa kwesithombe sezokwelapha esizayo kanye nokwelashwa. Umhla ziyisi-8 kuLwezi, 1895, wamenyezelwa njengoSuku Lomhlaba Wonke Lwe-radiological ukuze kukhunjulwe lokhu kutholwa kwenkathi yenkathi.
I-X-ray iwukukhanya okungabonakali okunobude beza beza obufushane kakhulu okuwumisebe kagesi phakathi kwe-ultraviolet nemisebe ye-gamma. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhono layo lokungena linamandla kakhulu, ngenxa yomehluko wokuminyana nokuqina kwezinhlaka ezihlukene zezicubu zomzimba womuntu, i-X-ray idonswa ngamazinga ahlukene lapho idlula emzimbeni womuntu, kanye ne-X- I-ray enolwazi oluhlukile lokuncisha ngemva kokungena emzimbeni womuntu idlula ochungechungeni lobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukiswa, futhi ekugcineni yenza izithombe zezithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe.
Ama-X-ray kanye ne-CT ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa, futhi anokufana nokuhluka. Lokhu okubili kunokufana esimisweni sokuthwebula izithombe, zombili zisebenzisa ukungena kwe-X-ray ukuze zenze izithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe ezinomfutho ohlukile wokunciphisa imisebe emizimbeni yabantu enobuningi bezicubu nokuqina okuhlukile. Kodwa kukhona futhi umehluko ocacile:
Okokuqala, umehlukoamangaekubukekeni nasekusebenzeni kwemishini. I-X-ray ifana kakhulu nokuya esitudiyo sezithombe ukuze uthathwe isithombe. Okokuqala, isiguli sisizwa ngokubekwa okujwayelekile kwendawo yokuhlola, bese i- X-ray bulb (ikhamera enkulu) isetshenziselwa ukudubula isithombe ngomzuzwana owodwa. Imishini ye-CT ibukeka njenge-"donut" enkulu ngokubukeka, futhi opharetha udinga ukusiza isiguli embhedeni wokuhlola, angene ekamelweni lokuhlinza, futhi enze i-CT scan yesiguli.
Okwesibili, umehlukoamangangezindlela zokuthwebula izithombe. Isithombe se-X-ray siyisithombe esigqagqene esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, futhi ulwazi lwesithombe somumo othile lungatholwa ekuthwebuleni okukodwa, okucishe kuhlangothi olulodwa. Kufana nokubuka ucezu lwe-toast engasikiwe iyonke, futhi isakhiwo sangaphakathi asikwazi ukuvezwa ngokucacile. Isithombe se-CT sakhiwe uchungechunge lwezithombe ze-tomography, okulingana nokuhlukanisa ungqimba lwesakhiwo sezicubu ngongqimba, ngokucacile futhi ngamunye ngamunye ukukhombisa imininingwane eminingi nezakhiwo ngaphakathi komzimba womuntu, futhi isixazululo singcono kakhulu kune-X- ifilimu ye-ray.
Okwesithathu, okwamanje, izithombe ze-X-ray ziye zasetshenziswa ngokuphepha nangokuvuthwa ekuxilongeni okusizayo kwengane yethambo lezingane, abazali akudingeki bakhathazeke kakhulu ngomthelela wemisebe, umthamo we-X-ray wemisebe uncane kakhulu. Kukhona futhi iziguli eziza esibhedlela ukuze zelashwe amathambo ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka, udokotela uzohlanganisa izinzuzo nezinkinga ze-X-ray kanye ne-CT, ngokuvamile ukukhetha kokuqala kokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, futhi lapho i-X-ray ayikwazi izilonda ezicacile noma izilonda ezisolisayo zitholakala futhi azikwazi ukutholakala, ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kuzotuswa njengosizo oluqinisayo.
Ungaphambanisi i-MRI ne-X-ray ne-CT
MRIibukeka ifana ne-CT ngokubukeka, kodwa ukuvuleka kwayo okujulile nezimbobo ezincane kuzoletha umuzwa wokucindezela emzimbeni womuntu, okungesinye sezizathu abantu abaningi abayobesaba ngakho.
Isimiso sawo sihluke ngokuphelele kuleso se-X-ray ne-CT.
Siyazi ukuthi umzimba womuntu wakhiwe ama-athomu, okuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni womuntu kunawo wonke, amanzi aqukethe ama-hydrogen protons, lapho umzimba womuntu ulele endaweni kazibuthe, kuzoba nengxenye ye-hydrogen protons kanye ne-pulse. isignali yendawo kazibuthe yangaphandle "i-resonance", i-frequency ekhiqizwa "i-resonance" itholwa umamukeli, futhi ekugcineni ikhompuyutha icubungula isignali ye-resonance ebuthakathaka, yakhe isithombe esihlukile esimnyama nesimhlophe.
Uyazi, i-nuclear magnetic resonance ayinawo umonakalo wemisebe, ayikho imisebe ye-ionizing, isiphenduke indlela evamile yokucabanga. Ngezicubu ezithambile ezifana nesimiso sezinzwa, amalunga, imisipha namafutha, i-MRI ikhethwa.
Kodwa-ke, iphinde ibe nokuphikisana okwengeziwe, futhi ezinye izici zingaphansi kwe-CT, njengokubhekwa kwamanodule amancane amaphaphu, ukuphuka, njll. I-CT inembe kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha i-X-ray, i-CT noma i-MRI, udokotela udinga ukukhetha izimpawu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, singabheka imishini ye-MRI njengozibuthe omkhulu, imishini ye-elekthronikhi eseduze nayo izohluleka, izinto zensimbi eziseduze nazo zizokhangiswa ngokushesha, okuholela "kumphumela we-missile", oyingozi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuphepha kokuhlolwa kwe-MRI bekulokhu kuyinkinga evamile kodokotela. Lapho ulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI, kuyadingeka ukutshela udokotela umlando ngeqiniso nangemininingwane, landela umyalo wochwepheshe, futhi uqinisekise ukuhlolwa kokuphepha.
Kungabonakala ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezintathu ze-X-ray, izinqubo ze-CT kanye ne-MRI zokuthwebula izithombe ziyahambisana futhi zisiza iziguli.
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Njengoba sonke sazi, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezithombe zezokwelapha akunakuhlukaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwemishini yezokwelapha - ama-ejenti e-agent ehlukile kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisekelayo - ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kulo mkhakha. E-China, edume ngemboni yayo yokukhiqiza, kunabakhiqizi abaningi abadumile ekhaya naphesheya ngokukhiqizwa kwemishini yokuthwebula yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa.I-LnkMed. Selokhu yasungulwa, i-LnkMed ibilokhu igxile emkhakheni wama-ejenti wokuqhathanisa nengcindezi ephezulu. Ithimba lonjiniyela be-LnkMed liholwa yi-Ph.D. unolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi futhi ubambe iqhaza ngokujulile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe, iCT umjovo wekhanda elilodwa,I-CT double head injector,Umjovo we-ejenti yokuqhathanisa ye-MRI, futhiUmjovo we-angiography wokucindezela okuphezulu kokungafaniaklanywe ngalezi zici: umzimba oqinile futhi ohlangene, isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenzayo nesihlakaniphile, imisebenzi ephelele, ukuphepha okuphezulu, kanye nomklamo oqinile. Futhi singahlinzeka ngamasirinji namashubhu ahambisana nalezo zinhlobo ezidumile zamajovo e-CT,MRI,DSA Ngesimo sabo sengqondo esiqotho namandla ochwepheshe, bonke abasebenzi be-LnkMed bakumema ngobuqotho ukuthi nize nizohlola izimakethe ezengeziwe ndawonye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-04-2024
